BIOL110 Lecture Notes - Gluteus Maximus Muscle, Superior Gluteal Artery, Erector Spinae Muscles
30 Jan 2013
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Gait cycle = stance phase (heel strike, flat foot, toe off) + swing phase. 5/6 gait cycles is stance, rest is swing; of gait cycle has double support. Transfer of weight during stance from heel along footprint to big toe. Flexor hallucis longus tendon passes through sesamoid bone tunnel, allows movement while weight is on big toe. Lower limb forms inverted pendulum; most of gait is passive rocking over. Gait speed determined by height and gravity. Walking is very efficient (~60-70% energy recovery; total energy relatively. Must break into running at lower speeds when going uphill, and vice versa. Mechanisms to minimize displacement of body center of gravity. With no mechanisms, path of body center is cycloid; with mechanisms nearly. Pelvic rotation and plantarflexion raise lowest point. Pelvic tilt and knee flexion lower highest point stance leg constant) flat strike. Provide accel. during toe-off, support swing leg side, smooth transitions, and stabilize lower limb by deceleration.
