BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lipid Bilayer, Red Blood Cell, Phosphatidylcholine
26 Feb 2013
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Membrane structure: membrane lipids (ref: unit 2b biomolecules part 3, slides 19-36, membrane proteins functions, peripheral vs integral transmembrane helices, pores, membrane carbohydrates (sugars) glycocalyx. Membrane transport: what drives movement of solutes? diffusion, osmosis, tonicity, turgor pressure, what determines what can cross a membrane? size, polarity, charge for substances that can"t diffuse through bilayer: Membrane transporter proteins: carriers versus channels, passive versus active transport ion channels chemical & electrical gradients, selectivity, gating carrier proteins. Against gradient - active transport; na+/k+-atpase coupled transport. All cells have a plasma membrane: encloses contents of entire cell. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles: nuclear envelope", double membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, et al. lysosomes / vacuoles transport vesicles. Phospholipids create separate environments for different activities: polar head group + phosphate group + glycerol + 2 fatty acid chains, named by head group, not length of chain or saturation of chain (phosphatidyl choline (pc))
