BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Aneuploidy, Centromere, Genetic Variation
10 Dec 2013
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Document Summary
Cell division involves an orderly sequence of events in which cell duplicates its content and divides into two cell cycle . Details of cell cycle vary with organisms, and different time in an organism"s life. Unicellular = generates complete new organism (bacteria, yeast, protozoa) Metazoans = many cell divisions required to generate new organism from fertilized egg. Replicated dna must be accurately distributed (segregated) to daughter cells. Most cells also duplicate their other macromolecules and organelles and double in size before they divide. Mitosis: division of genetic material that produces daughter cells genetically identical to parent cell, usually accompanied by cytokinesis, division of the cytoplasm into the two daughter cells. Meiosis: division of genetic material to produce daughter cells with half the hereditary material found in the parent cell, involved only in the production of gametes (eggs and sperm, basis of sexual reproduction and genetic inheritance. Two copies of each essential to survive.
