BIOL130 Lecture 10: BIOL 130 – Week Four Notes Cont’d (Energy - LEC 10)

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blushworm18

1 Aug 2016

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL130

Professor

Heidi Engelhardt

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Document Summary

Converts each molecule of glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules. Other sugar molecules can enter at different points of the glycolytic pathway. Results in the formation of activated carrier molecules - atp and nadh. Pyruvate is transported from cytosol into mitochondrial matrix: transformed into acetyl-coa and co2, acetyl coa can also be produced directly from the oxidation of fatty acids. Acetyl group of acetyl-coa is transferred to oaa. Oxidative phosphorylation - using the electrons in nadh to drive atp synthesis and regenerate nad+ to allow glycolysis and tca to continue. Loaded energy carriers (nadh, fadh2) carry their electrons to the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. They transfer electrons to a series of membrane-associated proteins that shuttle electrons in redox reactions the electron transport chain (etc) Series of molecules embedded in inner mitochondrial membrane. Nadh delivers electrons to top of chain, oxygen catches them at the bottom. Oxygen then joins (is reduced) with hydrogen to form water.

Related Questions

Which of the following is not a net product of the citric acid cycle for each molecule of pyruvate generated in glycolysis?

Select one:

a. 1 ATP (GTP)

b. 1 acetyl coA

c. 3 NADH

d. 1 FADH2

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an end product for an acetyl group that enters the citric acid cycle?

Select one:

a. ATP

b. NADH

c. FADH2

d. oxaloacetate

Question 3

Once they have been processed through the citric acid cycle, the acetyl-CoA molecules from a single glucose molecule produce:

Select one:

a. 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 4 CO₂.

b. 6 NADH, 6 GTP.

c. 6 FADH₂, 2 ATP, 6 CO₂.

d. 6 GTP, 6 FADH₂.

e. 4 CO₂, 6 FADH₂, 2 ATP.

Question 4

The products of the citric acid cycle breaking down 2 acetyl-CoA include 2 ATP (converted from GTP), 6 NADH and 2 FADH2.

Select one:

True

False

The reduced nucleotides NADH and FADH are converted to ATP via the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. The most widely accepted values among biochemists are shown.

Nucleotide Output	ATP Output
NADH	2.5
FADH₂	1.5

Each acetyl CoA entering the citric acid cycle produces two CO₂, three NADH, one FADH₂, and one GTP (converted directly to ATP in the cell). Taking into consideration the conversion of reduced nucleotides to ATP, what is the total number of ATP produced by one glucose (2 Acteyl CoA) going through the citric acid cycle?

___ 25- The Krebs cycle begins with the union of acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate forming citrate, allowing oxidative decarboxylation reactions to occur, and ends with the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate. Using this information and your knowledge of the Krebs cycle, how many net carbons does the citric acid cycle gain?
A) 0 carbons
B) 1 carbon
C) 2 carbons
D) 4 carbons
___ 26- Directly from the Krebs cycle we can obtain:
A) ATP
B) GTP and NADPH
C) ATP and NADPH
D) ATP, GTP, and NADPH
___ 27- Which of the following is not an intermediary of the Krebs cycle?
A) oxaloacetate
B) citrate
C) succinyl CoA
D) acetyl CoA
___ 28- How many di nucleotides are reduced by four turns of the Krebs cycle?
A) 1 FADH2 and 4 NADH
B) 2 FADH2 and 8 NADH
C) 4 FADH2 and 12 NADH
D) 1 FAD and 4 NAD +

BIOL130 Lecture 10: BIOL 130 – Week Four Notes Cont’d (Energy - LEC 10)

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