BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Glycerol, Amphiphile, Diglyceride
6 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Lipid function: energy storage, cellular signalling, biological membranes. Structure: polar head groups, fatty acid tails, amphipathic: lipids, fats, phospholipids, sterols and other lipids, lipid structure, lipid bilayers/membranes. Properties, composition, formation, fluid mosaic model, influence of saturated/unsaturated ratios and cholesterol content. Group of carbon-containing compounds that are largely non-polar / hydrophobic. Significant proportion of a given lipid molecule is hydrocarbon. The only macromolecule that is not a polymer. Weight for weight contain 6x as much energy as glucose. Fatty acids are stored as an energy reserve (fats and oils) through an ester linkage to glycerol to form triglycerides fatty acid (carboxylic acid with long hydrocarbon tail") Fat molecules (triglycerols) are completely hydrophobc, unlike phospholipids. Saturated no double bonds (full of hydrogens), no kinks in tail. Unsaturated one or more double bonds (not full of hydrogens) that are rigid, creates kinks. Cis hydrogens on double bonds are on the same side. Trans hydrogens on double bonds are on the opposite sides.
