BIOL240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Louis Pasteur, Ethanol Fermentation, Pasteurization
15 Mar 2019
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BIOL 240 – Class 4
- Metabolism is a characteristic that distinguishes between all living and non-living things
- LUCA was autotrophic and used minerals from the air: mineral breathers
- Disease was originally thought to have originated due to bad air or angry Gods
- Louis Pasteur – a badass - disproved spontaneous generation and developed methods for controlling
growth of microorganisms. Developed vaccines for anthrax, fowl, cholera and rabies. Pasteurization
– heating and cooling of food products to kill microbes and pathogens in food. Discovered alcoholic
fermentation. Also developed sanitization in hospitals. Discovered that living organisms discriminate
between optical isomers meaning they can pick the enantiomer that was used by the organisms.
Dextrorotatory glucose or dextrose is used by organisms. Levorotatory not used by organisms
- Rabies causes uncontrollable anger and foaming in the mouth – body does not want to swallow
liquids like saliva, water etc.
- Old way of making rabies vaccine: take saliva from rabid dog. Inject in to rabbit which makes
antibodies. Remove spine and dry which attenuates virus. This is converted in to vaccine
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- ^Louis Pasteur developed this method. Broth could last for a month without growth.
- Swan neck flask because it is opened. Broth collects in the dip. After like a month, let some broth
touch the dip. By next day, broth is contaminated and culture is seen
- Robert Koch (coke) – determined Bacillus anthracis caused anthrax and Mycobacterium caused TB.
Determined the basic rules by which microbes caused diseases
Document Summary
Luca was autotrophic and used minerals from the air: mineral breathers. Metabolism is a characteristic that distinguishes between all living and non-living things. Disease was originally thought to have originated due to bad air or angry gods. Louis pasteur a badass - disproved spontaneous generation and developed methods for controlling growth of microorganisms. Developed vaccines for anthrax, fowl, cholera and rabies. Heating and cooling of food products to kill microbes and pathogens in food. Discovered that living organisms discriminate between optical isomers meaning they can pick the enantiomer that was used by the organisms. Dextrorotatory glucose or dextrose is used by organisms. Rabies causes uncontrollable anger and foaming in the mouth body does not want to swallow liquids like saliva, water etc. Old way of making rabies vaccine: take saliva from rabid dog. Broth could last for a month without growth. After like a month, let some broth touch the dip.
