BIOL240 Lecture : Topic 2.pdf
13 Sep 2014
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Fundamentals of microbiology (biology 140) Topic 2: microorganisms and microbiology. Make sure to understand the following: pasteur"s experimental disproof of spontaneous generation. See figure 1. 16: koch"s postulates. All living organisms, except viruses, are made up of cells (see figure 2. 11). Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, which separates the outside of the cell from the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that they contain membrane- enclosed structures (organelles). These include mitochondria, chloroplasts and the nucleus. Prokaryotes do not have any of these structures. This type of study is called phylogeny. We now know that there are two distinct lineages of prokaryotes, the bacteria and the archaea (figure 2. 17).
