BIOL350 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pioneer Species, Climax Community, Herbaceous Plant

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12- pioneer species: species that have move into (colonize) recently disturbed areas. Pioneer community: collection of several pioneer species inhabiting a recently disturbed area. Species that move into a pioneer community after the growth of the species in pioneer alters the physical and biological conditions so they become more conductive to growth by members of the secondary community. 20- coniferous trees leaves narrow, needle-like or scale-like. May comprise secondary, tertiary, or climax communities depending on latitude and climate. Includes cedars, douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, larches, pines, redwoods, spruces, and yews. evergreen suggests lose about a third of their needles each. Collectively called (cid:862)softwoods(cid:863) , the wood fibers are long and loose (suitable for driving nails without splitting) resulting in their extensive use for dimensional lumber and pulp and paper. Deciduous trees deciduous plants, including trees, shrubs and herbaceous perennials lose all of their leaves for part of the year. Trees include maple, many oaks, elm, aspen, and birch, among others.

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