BIOL359 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Fecundity Selection, Atlantic Cod

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blackbeetle709

19 Apr 2018

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL359

Professor

Jonathan Witt

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Document Summary

Again, darwin was not the first one that came up with the concept of evolution. His contribution was the formal development of a mechanism that explains how evolution can occur. Organisms produce more offspring that are produced all organisms do this, some contribute to the next generation and some will die. The(cid:396)e"s a (cid:374)atu(cid:396)al variation in a population. Some of the variations can be passed on. The individuals that are adapted to current conditions are most likely to survive and reproduce themselves. If the adaptations are heritable they will be passed on to the offspring natural sele(cid:272)tio(cid:374) a(cid:272)ts o(cid:374) phe(cid:374)ot(cid:455)pes, (cid:271)ut o(cid:374)l(cid:455) if the(cid:396)e"s a (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge i(cid:374) the allele f(cid:396)e(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:455) has evolution occurred. Natural selection is the force that acts on the phenotype, and cannot act directly on the genotype natural selection is the change in the allele frequency. Evolutionary fitness: fitness refers to the contribution of an individual to the next generation in terms of offspring.

Related Questions

Describe the theory of natural selection Which of thefollowing BEST describes the theory of natural selection? CHOOSEONE

	1 The genetic make-up of apopulation gradually changes from one generation to the next.
	2 Living organisms change overtime.
	3 Each species produces many moreoffspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspringthat do survive contain genes that are inherited from theparents.
	4 There is variation among themembers of a species. Some of this variation is geneticallydetermined and so can be passed on to future generations.
	5 Some individuals have genes thatincrease their chances for survival and reproduction. Theseindividuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes,causing their genes to become more common in the nextgeneration.
	6 There is a struggle for existenceamong the members of a population.

amberleopard326

Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?

Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully.

Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment.

Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations.

Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms.

An organism's fitness depends on its _____.

ability to survive and reproduce

ability to swap genetic material with other organisms

physical size

ability to mutate

population

Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?

The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources.

The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment.

The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten.

No answer text provided.

Which of the following are adaptations?

Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant.

Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation.

More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators.

None of the above.

All of the above.