KIN346 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Peripheral Neuropathy, Gluconeogenesis, Starch
5 Apr 2017
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Types of dietary carbohydrates: sugars, starch, fibre. Monosaccharides: simplest form of cho: contains 3 to 9 carbon atoms. Sugar alcohols: derived from monosaccharides, used as a sweetener (sorbitol made from glucose) . sweetens sugarless gum. Plants: glycogen starch (amylopectin and amylose) & fibre. So, why do we need to eat carbohydrates: energy needs. Fuel source for neurons (only uses glucose except during starvation . can uptake protein. Need cho to metabolize other fuels fat burns in a flame of carbohydrates : pregnancy: fetus and placenta feed on glucose. Gestational diabetes: elevated blood glucose during pregnancy: spares muscle protein degradation for energy. Amino acids converted to: (1) ketone bodies, (2) fatty acids, (3) glucose. Minimum intake of cho: 130 g/day for nervous system function. Is a measure (no units) of the potential of food to raise blood glucose levels. 2 different standards: one slice of white bread or pure glucose (both taken as 100%)
