Class Notes (839,459)
Mathematics (1,919)
MATH 136 (168)
Lecture

# lect136_9_rev_w14.pdf

4 Pages
74 Views

Department
Mathematics
Course Code
MATH 136
Professor
Robert Andre

This preview shows page 1. Sign up to view the full 4 pages of the document.
Description
Friday, January 24 − Lecture 9 : Solutions of RREF systems of linear equations. Concepts: 1. basic unknowns, free unknowns of a system of linear equations in RREF 2. rank of a coefficient matrix. 3. solutions to a system of linear equation in vector form 9.1 We now consider ways of representing a family of solutions for an RREF system of linear equations. First note that a linear equation with n unknowns {x , x , …, 1 }2 n a1 1+ a x2 2... + a x n n can be written as a dot produce a ⋅x = b where a = (a , a1, …2 a ) ann x = (x , x ,1…, 2 ). n If x1= u 1 x =2u , 2, x = u ns a nolution we can then say that u = (u , u , …, u )1is 2 n solution to the linear equation a ⋅ x = b (now expressed as a vector equations) since a ⋅ u = b. 9.2 Theorem − If a system of linear equations has more than one solution then it has infinitely many solutions. Proof : Consider the following general system of m linear equations with n unknowns: a11 1+ a x12 2.. + a x =1n n 1 a21 1 a x 22 2. + a x = 2n n 2 ... am1 1 a x m2 2. + a x = bmn n m th The i equation can be written as (a , …, i1) in ⋅ (x1, …, x n = a i⋅x =b. i Suppose u = (u , …1 u ) ann v = (v , …, 1 ) are nistinct solutions to this system. Let α ∈ ℝ. Then for i = 1 to m and any scalar α we have Since u and v are distinct if α ≠ β then u + α(u – v) ≠ u + β(u – v). So the system has infinitely many distinct solutions, as required. 9. 3 Example − In the following example we solve a system of 2 linear equations in 4 unknowns by applying basic principles illustrated in a previous example. Solve the system x + u + −4z = 36 y + z = 6 where x, u, y, z are variables and expressed the solution set using vectors. Solution : Note that this is a system in RREF. We can rewrite the system as x = −u + 4z + 36 y = 0u − z + 6 So the solution can be presented as follows: {(x, y, u, z) : (x, y, u, z) = (−u + 4z + 36, 0u − z + 6, 1u + 0z + 0, 0u + 1z + 0), u, z ∈ ℝ } We see it has infinitely many solutions since the values of u and z are arbitrary. It is interesting to note that the family of solutions for the above system can be conveniently expressed as a vector equation. where u and z are free to take on any values. It will be important for the student to be able to express the solution set in the form of a vector equation when the sy
More Less

Only page 1 are available for preview. Some parts have been intentionally blurred.

Unlock Document
###### You're Reading a Preview

Unlock to view full version

Unlock Document
Me

OR

Join OneClass

Access over 10 million pages of study
documents for 1.3 million courses.

Join to view

OR

By registering, I agree to the Terms and Privacy Policies
Already have an account?
Just a few more details

So we can recommend you notes for your school.