BIOL 112 Lecture 12: BIOL 112- Transcription in Bacteria

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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

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Draw the structure of transcription units (a gene) in both bacteria and eukaryotes, clearly differentiating between regulatory and transcribed regions. Identify a promoter region on a transcription unit (gene). Explain and identify upstream and downstream regions of the genome when used to describe relative location of gene structures. Explain the difference between the template strand and the non-template (coding) strand in dna. Compare and contrast the structure of the transcription units in bacteria and eukaryotes. Define consensus sequences and their role in transcriptional control. Determine a consensus sequence from a simple data set. Describe the role of rna polymerase in transcription, and initiation of transcription. Predict the rna sequence transcribed from the dna sequence of a transcription unit. Predict the types of non-covalent interactions likely to form between dna and a protein involved in transcription. Describe the role of the important dna sequences (tata box, promoter proximal elements) in regulation of eukaryotic transcription and how that compares to bacteria.

Related Questions

A promoter is a DNA sequence that is upstream of a gene. Promoters comprise about 35 base pair consensus sequences that are required for transcription initiation. The figure from the textbook shows the positions of the consensus sequences in a promoter:

Predict and explain the possible effect of a mutation on the transcription at the following locations:

-7

-19

-32

The promoter region of a gene has undergone an inversion such that the 3â² end of the initiation site is upstream of the rest of the promoter sequence. This will affect the transcription of this gene in all the following ways except

a. the determination of the coding strand.

b. the orientation of the RNA polymerase.

c. the binding of RNA polymerase to the initiation site.

d. the separation of the double-stranded DNA.

e. the nucleotide with which transcription begins.

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIOL 112 Lecture 12: BIOL 112- Transcription in Bacteria

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

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