BIOL 112 Lecture 22: Positive and Negative Regulation APOG The Boo Operator Genetic Analysis of the Lac Operon
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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Biol 112 - biology of the cell - chapter 19 (lecture 22): Genetic regulations are often studies in bacteria because prokaryotes are simplier to examine. In this chapter, the mechanisms escherichia coli uses to extract energy from lactose are studied to demonstrated positive and negative regulation. Positive regulation: a regulatory molecules binds to a site near the gene to initiate transcription. The regulatory molecule is called an activator. Sometimes the activator can bind to a small molecule. The small causes allosteric effect, meaning that it changes the conformation of the activator. The change in conformation can either help or prevent the activator from binding to dna. Negative regulation: a regulatory molecule binds to prevent transcription. The regulatory molecule is called an repressor. The repressor can bind to a small molecule called inducer. The inducer can help or prevent the repressor from binding.