Valence Bond Theory

November 17th, 2011 November-17-11 8:00 AM Valence Bond Theory Orbitals merge together Sigma Bond ("End on Bonding") Overlap of orbitals along internuclear axis Internuclear axis = line going through both atoms' nuclei Bonds form only with orbitals of same phase Pi Bond ("Side on Bonding") Phase of one orbital matches other on same side of nodal plane and same holds true for other bond Internuclear axis within nodal plane Will always have a sigma bond Single bonds = sigma bonds, pi bonds = multiple bonds - 1 Hybridization Mixing of orbitals to form new orbitals Common: sp, sp , sp sp d, sp d 2 "offspring" of "parent" orbitals Schemes sp Orbitals Two sp orbitals created; both oriented 180 from each other 2 in, 2 out 2 sp Orbitals Three orbitals are created; oriented 120 from each other 3 in, 3 out sp Orbit