MATH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Helicase, Inner Mitochondrial Membrane, Telomerase
Document Summary
Operon: a cluster of genes controlled by the same promoter. Operator: a region within the dna molecule that may or may not overlap with the promoter region of the dna. Regulatory proteins bind to the operator to regulate the expression of the entire operon. Regulatory protein: a protein that binds to a region of the dna e. g. operator and can activate or repress transcription (lacl, malt, gal4) For operons they act by binding to regulatory proteins and changing their shape e. g. lactose, maltose, galactose. Repressor: regulatory protein that prevents transcription by binding to the regulatory region (usually bind overlapping with and downstream of the promoter) e. g. lacl gal80. Activator: protein that activates transcription or increases levels of transcription e. g. malt, gal4. Inducer: a signal molecule that induces or promotes transcription when present in the cell e. g. lactose, maltose, galactose. Negative regulation: the regulatory protein inhibits gene expression by binding to the dna regulatory region.
