MICB 202 LEC 10
• Cytokine release during infection can lead to recruitment and activation of more immune
cells—this usually produces symptoms eg. Nausea, headache, muscle ache, fever
• SEPSIS
o When bacteria grows in BV and systemic inflammation response occursseptic
shocklow BP, organ failure
• Sometimes immune system mounts response against non-harmful substance
o Allergies
o Tuberculin
o Transplant rejections
o Autoimmune disease
o Results from HYPERSENSITIVY=unreasonable and exaggerated immune
response to something that’s not dangerous
• Immediate hypersensitivity: (involve TH, dendritic, macrophage, B, mast)
o Mediated by IgE that are bound to Fc receptors on mast cells(remember, Fc is
region of Ab on bottom)
o Person has already had 1° response to Ag (class switched to IgE, secreted
inblood but high affinity for mast cells in tissues)
o IgE cross-linked (2 IgE bind to same Ag) after binding Ag, stimulates cell to
release histamineallergic symtpoms whithin mins
Sneeze, cough due to excess mucus secretion, hives, rash, diarrhea,
vomiting
o Allergies can be localized(if allergen trapped at mucus surfaces) or if travels
systemically (peanuts, bee venom, penicillin)anaphylactic shock
BV dilate, and airways constrict to compensate for low blood flow
• Why do we have allergies?
o Hygiene theory: we are too clean and exposed to too few pathogens, immune
system starts becoming hypersensitive and TH cells innapropriately tell B cells to
class switch to IgE
o Alternative theory that gut flora has something to do with it • Treatment for allergies
o Localized: anti-histamines to block histamine receptors on smooth muscle,
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