PCTH 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Naltrexone, Apoptosis, Low Birth Weight

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In society, a specific drug. e. g. ethyl alcohol, or ethanol. The consumption of alcohol (in quantity) far exceeds any other drug in society: > 8000 years old with agriculture came malting/fermentation. Increases general membrane fluidity by altering membrane phospholipid order. Cns depression (mechanism similar to many general anesthetics) Important for reinforcing properties: stimulates gabaa receptors, enhancing their inhibitory role in cns. Makes neuron membrane potential more negative action potential less likely: reduces effects/release of excitatory neurotransmitters. Ethanol is a drug that is very hard to classify due to non-specific effects. Different phases occur in a dose-dependent manner: anxiolytic, sedative/depressant, hypnotic, additional, miscellaneous effects. Vasodilation (unknown mechanism: particularly in cutaneous blood vessels, (cid:862)dru(cid:374)kard"s flush(cid:863) or (cid:862)(cid:271)eer (cid:271)la(cid:374)ket(cid:863) Inhibits antidiuretic hormone (adh/vasopressin: adh concentrates urine by reabsorbing water from kidneys. Inhibition results in increased urination as less water is returned to blood plasma. Adh present: collecting duct is highly permeable to water small volume of concentrated urine.

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