PCTH 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Penicillium Chrysogenum, Penicillin Binding Proteins, Phenoxymethylpenicillin

• School: UBC
• Department: Pharmacology and Therapeutics
• Course: PCTH 201
• Professor: Andrew Horne

Document Summary

Micro-organism derived (synthetic/semi-synthetic antibiotics somewhat blur this line) Truly revolutionized medicine: routine scratches and injuries no longer mean amputation or death. 1st antibiotic discovered: penicillin (1928, used in treatment after ~14 years from discovery. Infections caused by bacteria: deviations from normal flora (skin, gut, etc. , can range from minor skin infections to life-threatening conditions. Meningitis, flesh-eating disease, bubonic plague: recommended course of action attack the source. Differences: mammalian vs. bacterial cells: specific agents of function genes mediating cellular processes. Protein production e. g. ribosome subunits: cell wall. Cell envelope: encompasses the cytoplasmic membrane and external structures. Basis for segregation into gram-positive and gram-negative strains. Gm +ve pg wall: monosa(cid:272)(cid:272)haride su(cid:271)units (cid:894)(cid:862)gly(cid:272)an(cid:863)(cid:895) Cho polymer backbone: linking peptide (cid:272)hains (cid:894)(cid:862)peptido(cid:863)(cid:895) Gm -ve periplasmic space: thin pg layer, degradative enzymes and transport proteins. Selective toxicity: antibiotics aim to exploit differences in eukaryote (mammalian) and prokaryote (bacterial) cell.