PCTH 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Antimicrobial Resistance, Multiple Drug Resistance, Methicillin
18 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
The percentages of both hospital-acquired and community-acquired bacteria resistance to penicillin and methicillin have increasing throughout the years. Antibiotic resistance often develops a few years after the antibiotic has been introduced in clinical practice. As bacterial infections grow more resistant to antibiotics, companies are pulling out of antibiotics research and fewer new antibiotics are being approved. Therefore, the number of antibiotics being developed is decreasing (as the percentage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is increasing). -lactam (penicillin & cephalosporin) resistance: not necessarily any more virulent than methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa), but far more difficult to treat more dangerous, major concern in hospitals. Multidrug resistance becomes more common: community-acquired (ca-mrsa) Increased rates of treatment failure: poor patient outcomes. Leads to further resistance e. g. multi-drug resistant (mdr) strains: (cid:862) uper(cid:271)ugs(cid:863) Increased cost of treatment: resistance is occurring at a much greater rate than new antibiotics are being developed.
