PHAR 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 98: Aglycone, Glycosidic Bond, Arrow Poison
16 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
Organic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring. Derived from latex seed pod of opium poppy. Raw opium used for many years to relieve pain. Curare used as arrow poison by south american natives to hunt (muscle paralysis) Molecules with sugar moiety (glycone) linked to a non-sugar group (aglycone) Able to treat previously severe and often fatal infections. Cheaper and easier process large scale production. Examples: homatropine (atropine), heroin (morphine), and penicillin derivatives. Can involve: recombinant dna, dna alteration, gene splicing, immunology, molecular biology. Increases na+ excretion, which reduces blood volume, lowering blood pressure by lowering cardiac output. Inhibit action of angiotensin converting enzyme, which converts angiotensin i to angiotensin ii (a vasoconstrictor). Blocks a-adrenoreceptors, stopping vasoconstrictors norepinephrine & epinephrine from binding to them. Less vasoconstriction = lower tpr = lower bp. Cardiac simulation & sympathetic nerve activity both reduced = less cardiac output & less tpr.
