PHRM 311 Lecture Notes - Flavor, Pharmacokinetics, Umami
Document Summary
Anatomy and physiology of the gi system (part 1) Identify and name all parts of the anatomy of the gi tract from mouth to anus. Permits absorption of nutrients and water (and drugs) Facilitates expulsion of materials that cannot be absorbed. Excretion of hydrophobic molecules (cholesterol, steroids, drug metabolites) Includes: cheeks, lips, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, oral mucosa, palate. Submandibular gland provides a mixture of both. Food smells and tastes, and nausea, activate parasympathetic system to promote salivation. Amylase (breaks down starch to sugar) & lingual lipase. Na and cl, k and hco3 (compared to blood) hypotonic, slightly alkaline. Slightly alkaline, protects against acids in food or reflux. Decrease in oral ph with tooth decay and esophageal erosions. Facial nerve (vii): sensory (taste) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. Glossopharyngeal nerve (ix): posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste), parotid gland (saliva) Substances must be in solution to be tasted. Buds in the anterior tongue found in fungiform papillae.
