PSYC 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Critical Thinking, Scientific Method, Observer-Expectancy Effect
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Learning outcomes: describe the scientific method and its components, characteristic of theories, characteristics of hypothesis, how theories and hypotheses relate to each other. Inductive/deductive reasoning & how they relate to each other: define and identify, descriptive research, correlational research (pay close attention to this & longitudinal) Scientific method is used to conduct research and collect evidence. Observation (one of the biggest backbones of scientific method) Some things such as empathy cannot exactly be pinpointed, however, we can observe behavior that indicates this to approximate. Theory: helps us structure and organize our observations into a well- developed set of ideas and/or principles, characteristics of a good theory, needs to be falsifiable. Bigfoot/loch nesss exists: although (cid:449)e do(cid:374)"t see it, (cid:449)e (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t necessarily disprove it. Can easily say they were somewhere else, hibernating, etc Rephrase to: bigfoot/loch ness monster does not exist now we only need one observation to disprove the theory & falsify.
