PSYC 260 Lecture Notes - Handstand, Working Memory, Minor Places In Middle-Earth (Fictional)
Document Summary
Effects of encoding: spacing effect, single vs. distributed testing. Encoding phase: some facts on each lesson were quizzes 3 times throughout each chapter, while other facts were not quizzed. Testing phase: memory recall was assessed on tests at (1) ends of chapters. (2) end of the semester, and (3) end of the year. Distributed testing improved memory retrieval: massed vs. distributed study sessions. Spaced out studying improved memory retrieval: massed vs. distributed encoding. Therefore, maximizing the number of distinct, separate memory of items results in better recall of those items. The longer the intervals between each encoding/studying phase, the better the memory performance at recall. The deeper the level of processing, the more likely an item will be remembered: encoding specificity. A match between the cues used at encoding and testing enhances memory performance: transfer-appropriate processing. An overlap between the types of processing required in study phase and memory test improves memory performance: self-related effect, comparison of encoding context.
