PSYC 302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Retinal Ganglion Cell, Umbilical Cord, Gestational Age
Document Summary
Nature and nurture twin studies to help us better understand nature versus nurture (monozygotic twins raised in same environment, but more importantly monozygotic twins separated at birth) The active child the child takes a role in his or her own development- what and how much attention the infants shows to something, temperament, self play and self talk. Continuity versus discontinuity developmental continuity (growth of a tree)- gradual and incremental growth over time, developmental discontinuity (caterpillar transforms into butterfly)- growth in distinct stages, qualitative leaps from one stage to next. Discontinuous (stage) theories: piaget-cognitive development, freud- psychosexual development, erikson- psychosocial development, kohlberg- moral development. Infants typically are not perfectly situated in one stage: change often occurs slowly and gradually (depends on when you measure. Mechanisms of change infants change a lot, and quickly (period of greatest change in organisms life), these changes can be biological or experiential, self- induced or parent induced, rapid or gradual.
