HIS108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Starch, Cell Nucleus, Thylakoid
Document Summary
Eukaryotic cells: have a nucleus that contains most of the genetic materials in the cell; estimated 10 trillion in an adult human, ex. plant cells, animal cells, fungi. Prokaryotic cells: do not contain a true nucleus, 100 trillion, ex. bacteria cells, make up 2-3% of our body mass, provide essential functions throughout our physiological systems, most are not harmful. Microbiome: a population of microorganisms or microbes, about 10,000 distinct species of microbes on and in human body. Microorganism: not visible to the naked eye includes prokaryotic bacteria but also small eukaryotic organisms. Streptococcus salivarius: found in the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity. Staphylococcus haemolyticus: resides on skin; pathogenic if it gets inside the body. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: intestinal bacteria; makes enzymes useful in the breakdown of plant materials we ingest. Nucleic acids (dna & rna: make up the hereditary material of the cell found in the dna; chromosome/nucleoid.
