BIOL1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Bile Acid, Neuroactive Steroid, Emulsion

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9 Aug 2016
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Unlike phospholipids and fats, steroids have a fused ring structure. Although they do not resemble the other lipids, they are grouped with them because they are also hydrophobic and insoluble in water. All steroids have four linked carbon rings, and many of them, like cholesterol, have a short tail. Many steroids also have the -oh functional group, and these steroids are classified as alcohols called sterols. Steroids, such as cholesterol and cortisol, are composed of four fused hydrocarbon rings. Cholesterol is the most common steroid and is mainly synthesized in the liver; it is the precursor to vitamin d. Cholesterol is also a precursor to many important steroid hormones like estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone, which are secreted by the gonads and endocrine glands. Steroids play very important roles in the body"s reproductive system. Cholesterol also plays a role in synthesizing the steroid hormones aldosterone, which is used for osmoregulation, and cortisol, which plays a role in metabolism.

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