BIOL1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Peptide, C-Terminus, Dehydration Reaction

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carminedeer281

9 Aug 2016

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Amino acids are represented by a single upper case letter or a three-letter abbreviation. Valine is known by the letter v or the three-letter symbol val. The sequence and the number of amino acids ultimately determine the protein"s shape, size, and function. Each amino acid is attached to another amino acid by a covalent bond, known as a peptide bond. When two amino acids are covalently attached by a peptide bond, the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the incoming amino acid combine and release a molecule of water. Any reaction that combines two monomers in a reaction that generates h2o as one of the products is known as a dehydration reaction, so peptide bond formation is an example of a dehydration reaction. Peptide bond formation is a dehydration synthesis reaction. The carboxyl group of one amino acid is linked to the amino group of the incoming amino acid.

Related Questions

1. Polypeptide strands is the active form of a digestive enzyme in the stomach that breaks polypeptide chains into smaller polypeptides.

2. Cleavage of proteins by pepsin in the stomach results in formation of pepsinogen which get broken down further in the small intestine.

3. An amino acid chain made up of three amino acids joined together is called a tripeptide.

4. Dipeptide describes an amino acid chain made up of two amino acids joined together.

5. The 20 different amino acids are the building blocks used for protein synthesis.

6. Amino acid pools are stockpiles found in the blood and other cells of the body that can be used to build new proteins.

7. The continual process of degrading and synthesizing protein is called protein turnover.

8. The stomach produces pepsin, which denatures protein.

9. Denaturation occurs when a protein is exposed to heat, acid, bases, or mechanical agitation resulting in unfolding of the protein, though the peptide bonds remain intact.

10. The part of an amino acid that contains nitrogen is called the amine group.

11. The acid group is also known as the carboxyl group.

12. Single amino acids that are absorbed in the small intestine travel to the liver via the portal vein.

Please correct these sentences AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.. Some of them are not correct and I didn't figure out what are they!

violetdog828

1.An ionic bond is created by ? a)a positive and negative ion attracting eachother b)two or more positive ions combining c)two or more negative ions combining d)none of the above

2.A transfer of electrons from one atom to another occurs? a)in all chemical reactions b)in the formation of all chemical bonds c)in the formation of covalent bonds d)none of the above

3.When cucrose is mixed with water and the proper enzyme , the sucrose molecule splits into glucose and fructose the reaction is an example of? a)hydrolysis b)dehydration c)synthesis d)anabolism

4.Which of the following compounds is an organic acid ? a)H2CO3 b)NaOH c)HCl d)KCL

5.Which of the following is a protein ? a )sucrose b)cholesterol c)Raffinose d)Mannose

6.In the formation of polymer dehydration synthesis occurs between ? a)the amino groups of 2 different amino acids b)the acid groups of two different amino acids c) the amono group of one amino acid and the acid group of the other d)none of the above

7.Which of the following is protein? a)surcase b)cholesterol c )raffinose d)mannose

8.The combination of glucose and galactose forms ? a)fructose b)maltose c)lactose d)Surose

azurecrocodile958

1. _________________________ is the name of the process that produces proteins using RNA molecules.

a.Transcription

b Translation

c. Replication

d. Mutagenesis

2. The peptide bonding site on the ribosome:

a. A site

b. P site

c. E site

d. D site

3. The name given to the bond formed between two amino acids.

a. Hydrogen bond

b. Double bond

c. Peptide bond

d. Negative bond

4. __________________________ is the movement of the mRNA molecule on the ribosome to open up the A-site for the new incoming amino acid.

a. Transformation

b. Mutation

c. Translocation

d. Initiation

5. What does the term semi-conservative mean.

a. Replication of RNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of RNA and one new strand of RNA.

b. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA.

c. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of new strands of nucleotides.

d. Transcription of RNA is semi conservative.

6. This molecule functions during protein synthesis to recognize the codon and bring the proper amino acid back to the ribosome for translation.

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA polymerase

7. What is meant by the base-pairing rule.

a. Bases on a single strand of DNA are always found as pairs

b. Adenine always base pairs with guanine; cytosine with thymine

c. Adenine always base pairs with thymine; cytosine with guanine

d. Bases on a single strand of RNA are found in pair.

8. In this step of protein synthesis, amino acids are added to a growing polypeptide chain.

a. Initiation.

b. Elongation.

c. Termination.

d. Transpiration.

9. Three complementary bases found in a mRNA are called ____________________.

a. Anti-codon.

b. Triplet.

c. Doublet.

d. Codons.

10. Which statement best describes the job or function of the messenger RNA.

a. Carries the map of the gene sequence in the form of codons to the cytoplasm

for translation of the protein.

b. It transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

c. It forms the ribosomes.

d. It helps replicate DNA.

ceruleangnat663

BIOL1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Peptide, C-Terminus, Dehydration Reaction

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