PHIL 202-3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Ibn Arabi, Christian Devotional Literature, Shia Islam
PHIL 202
Ch. 5 Muslim Traditions (pt. 2)
Variations
Shiis
• “upporters of Ali as suessor to Muhaad
o Chosen by Muhammad
• Imam: the title of the one individual divinely mandated to lead the Muslim community
• Ashura = Husayn, grandson of Muhammad, was killed in battle
o anniversary
o Foal poit for “hii ouit
• Devotional literature, blessings, plays, community meals
Ashura
• Husayn, grandson of Muhammad, was killed in battle
o Anniversary
o Foal poit for “hii ouit
• Devotional literature, blessings, plays, community meals
Diisios ithi Shiis
• Iai Teler “hiis
o Line of imams descend from Husayn, until the twelfth imam, Muhummad ibn
Hasan al-Askari disappeared at age
• Belieed to hae goe ito hidig, ad ill retur as the Mahdi, the
rightl guided oe, ho ith Jesus ill estalish uiersal justie ad
true Isla o earth
• “eeer or Isaili “hiis
o Followed the line of imams until the sixth imam died
• Said that the seventh imam should be Ahmad
o Focus on the divine mandate of the Imam
Sufism: The Mystical Tradition
• Sufis (wool)
• Devotional piety: focus on worship of God
o Pious oes reeer God uh Q. :
• Ascetic practices
o Weepers
• “hed tears i fear of Gods puishet ad i earig for Gods reard
Sufism: The Mystical Traditio, cotd
• ‘aia al-Adaiah of Basra . –801)
o Language of erotic love to express devotion
o Passion and spiritual love
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o Remained single to devote life and love to God
o M Lord, if I orship ou i fear of the fire, ur e i hell. If I worship you in
desire for paradise, deprive me of it. But if I worship you in love of you, then
deprie e ot of our eteral eaut.
The Development of Sufism
• Mystical life is a spiritual journey to God (248)
• I Arai –1249)
o Unity of being
o Rumi (1207–73)
o Mathnawi (couplets)
o Dissolution of individual identity
• I died as ieral ad eae a plat/I died as plat ad rose to
animal,/I died as animal and I was Man. Why should I fear? When was I
less by dying? Yet once more I shall die as Man, to soar/With angels blest;
but even from angelhood/I must pass on: all except God doth perish (Q.
28:88)./When I have sacrificed my angel-soul,/I shall become what no
id eer oeied./Oh, let e ot eist! for No-existence/Proclaims in
orga toes, To hi e shall retur Q. :
Sufi Orders and Saints
• Shayhk (master)
o Genealogies
• To establish authority
Devotional Practices
• Dhikr (remembrance of God)
• Sama (hearing)
• Music and dance
o Mevlevi
• Whirlig Derishes
• Motion of the stars
• Melodies of the heavenly spheres
Women and Sufism
• Women could be leaders
• Tension with Orthodox Islam
o Cosider “ufi poer ad priilege gie to oe to e u-Islai
The Spread of Islam
• Missionary religion
o Message of Islam is for everyone
• Sees itself as part of the same scriptural tradition as Judaism and Christianity
o People of the Book
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Document Summary
Shi(cid:859)is(cid:373: upporters of (cid:858)ali as su(cid:272)(cid:272)essor to muha(cid:373)(cid:373)ad, chosen by muhammad. Imam: the title of the one individual divinely mandated to lead the muslim community: ashura = husayn, grandson of muhammad, was killed in battle, anniversary, fo(cid:272)al poi(cid:374)t for hi(cid:859)i (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)it(cid:455, devotional literature, blessings, plays, community meals. Ashura: husayn, grandson of muhammad, was killed in battle, anniversary, fo(cid:272)al poi(cid:374)t for hi(cid:859)i (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)it(cid:455, devotional literature, blessings, plays, community meals. I(cid:373)a(cid:373)i (cid:894)(cid:862)t(cid:449)el(cid:448)er(cid:863)(cid:895) hi(cid:859)is(cid:373: line of imams descend from husayn, until the twelfth imam, muhummad ibn. Sufism: the mystical tradition: sufis (wool, devotional piety: focus on worship of god, pious o(cid:374)es (cid:862)re(cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)er god (cid:373)u(cid:272)h(cid:863) (cid:894)q. (cid:1007)(cid:1007):(cid:1008)(cid:1005)(cid:895, ascetic practices, weepers, hed tears i(cid:374) fear of god(cid:859)s pu(cid:374)ish(cid:373)e(cid:374)t a(cid:374)d i(cid:374) (cid:455)ear(cid:374)i(cid:374)g for god(cid:859)s re(cid:449)ard. If i worship you in desire for paradise, deprive me of it. But if i worship you in love of you, then depri(cid:448)e (cid:373)e (cid:374)ot of (cid:455)our eter(cid:374)al (cid:271)eaut(cid:455). (cid:863)
