PSYC1003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Myelin, Agonist, Action Potential
Psychology 1003 September 28th 2016
Chapter 3: The Biological Basis of Behaviour
Central Nervous System(CNS)- brain and spinal cord.
- Afferent pathways=towards the CNS
- Efferent pathways=away from the CNS
Peripheral Nervous system(PNS)- nerves that lie outside the central nervous system.
Somatic Nervous System: voluntary muscles and sensory receptors
Autonomic Nervous System: controls automatic, involuntary functions
->Sympathetic System: Go (fight-or-flight)
->Parasympathetic System: Stop
Neurons: receive, integrate, and transmit information
Glia: cells that help support and insulate neurons; some communication
The Basic Hardware:
Soma: cell body
Dendrites: receive information
Axon: transmit information away
Myelin Sheath: speeds up transmission
Terminal Button: end of axon; secretes neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters: chemical messengers
Synapse: point at which neurons communicate; space in between the neurons
The Neural Impulse:
Electrochemical Reaction: fluids inside and outside neuron filled with electrically
charged particles (ions)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Peripheral nervous system(pns)- nerves that lie outside the central nervous system. Somatic nervous system: voluntary muscles and sensory receptors. Glia: cells that help support and insulate neurons; some communication. Synapse: point at which neurons communicate; space in between the neurons. Electrochemical reaction: fluids inside and outside neuron filled with electrically charged particles (ions) Action potential: stimulation causes cell membrane to open briefly, positively charged sodium ions flow in, shift in electrical charge travels along neuron. Voltage change at receptor site-post synaptic potential (psp) Changes the probability of the postsynaptic neuron firing. Synaptic transmission: synthesis and storage of neurotransmitter molecules in synaptic vesicles, release of neurotransmitter molecules into the synaptic cleft, binding to specific receptors on receiving cells. Inactivation or removal of neurotransmitters: reuptake of neurotransmitters sponged up by the presynaptic neuron. One neuron, signals from thousands of other neurons. Neurotransmitters: specific neurotransmitters work at specific synapses, lock-and-key mechanism. Adrenaline: fight or flight neurotransmitter e. g. stressful situations.
