PSYC 2160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, Golgi Apparatus
CH 3 ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Intro to Neuroscience
The Nervous System
→ cerebral cortex & associated areas: 12-15 billion neurons
→ cerebellum: 70 billion neurons
→spinal cord: 1 billion neurons
–connects us to our internal world and the external world
–central nervous system (CNS) vs peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Santioago Ramon y Cajal, a Pioneer of Neuroscience
–in the late 1800s, was the 1st to demonstrate that the individual cells comprising the NS
remained separate
–he showed that they didnt merge into each other as previously believed
Features of a Neuron
–terminal buttons
–a vertebrate motor neuron
–a vertebrate sensory neuron
–dendritic spines
–cell structures and axons
→ Key features to know:
–nucleus
–DNA
–golgi apparatus
–transmitters
–vesticles
Neurons send msgs: electrical & chemical
–dendrites receive chemicals
–release through the synaptic buttons (neural transmitters)
–electrical impulses go through the cell body or nucleus to the axon
–pre- and post-synaptics
“a stained neuron”
Cell Membrane
–embedded in the membrane are protein channels that permit certain ions to cross through the
membrane at a controlled rate
Neural Transmission
–generation on action potential
Selectively Permeable Membrane
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Document Summary
Cerebral cortex & associated areas: 12-15 billion neurons. Spinal cord: 1 billion neurons connects us to our internal world and the external world central nervous system (cns) vs peripheral nervous system (pns) Santioago ramon y cajal, a pioneer of neuroscience in the late 1800s, was the 1st to demonstrate that the individual cells comprising the ns remained separate he showed that they didnt merge into each other as previously believed. Features of a neuron terminal buttons a vertebrate motor neuron a vertebrate sensory neuron dendritic spines cell structures and axons. Neurons send msgs: electrical & chemical dendrites receive chemicals release through the synaptic buttons (neural transmitters) electrical impulses go through the cell body or nucleus to the axon pre- and post-synaptics. Cell membrane embedded in the membrane are protein channels that permit certain ions to cross through the membrane at a controlled rate. Selectively permeable membrane ions channels in the membrane of a neuron.
