CRMN 1000U Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Auburn, New York, Kingston Penitentiary, Cesare Beccaria
13 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
November 24, 2017
Corrections in Canada
Lecture 10
Corrections in Canada
• Established – earl ’s
• Ontario
• Kingston Penitentiary
• 250 facilities
• 73 Federal
• 177 Prov./Terr.
European Antecedents
• 17th and 18th century
• Three important changes:
• 1. Punishment – from body to mind
• 2. Laws – illegal to imprison without conviction
• 3. The Enlightenment
The enlightenment
• Largest change
• Two figures:
Cesare Beccaria
o Critical of Criminal Justice System in Italy
o Book: On Crimes and Punishment
o Utilitarian
o Certain punishments – unjustifiable (torture, ex post facto laws)
o Swift punishments = greatest deterrence
Jeremy Bentham
o British philosopher/jurist
o Utilitarian
o hedoisti alulus
▪ Choose pleasure, avoid pain
Bethams panopticon
o All-seeig
o Never built
o Large urban centres for deterrence
o Opposition by residents
Federal Correctional facilities
• 1832: first prison
• 1832-1950: 8 built
• ’s: uilt
• ’s: uilt
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• ’s: uilt
• ’s: uilt
History of correctional facilities
• United States:
• Two different types of prison systems
• Pennsylvania System (separate system)
• Auburn System (silent system)
Pennsylvania system
• Isolation of inmates – outside/each other
• Exercise – 1 hour
• Most time spent:
o Small cells
o Reflection
o Reading bible
o Repenting
Auburn systems
• Auburn, New York
• As referred to as ogregate sste
• Belief: …ost effiiet a for iates to refor their atios as through hard
ork. Goff,
• Day: worked side by side – no talking
• Eating – together, but no talking
• Other: locked in cell
• Multiple floors (Pennsylvania - one floor)
Canadian prisons
• Basis: Auburn system
• Pennsylvania system - solitary confinement
• 19th century:
o harsh conditions
o Extreme discipline
o Regular use of solitary confinement
Canadian corrections
• Beginning of 20th century – changes:
• Parole
• Training for correctional officials
• Inmate classification
• Need/crime based housing (min/med/max security)
• poli of oralizatio
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Corrections in canada: established earl(cid:455) (cid:1005)(cid:1012)(cid:1004)(cid:1004)"s, ontario, kingston penitentiary, 250 facilities, 73 federal, 177 prov. /terr. European antecedents: 17th and 18th century, three important changes: Cesare beccaria: critical of criminal justice system in italy, book: on crimes and punishment, utilitarian, certain punishments unjustifiable (torture, ex post facto laws, swift punishments = greatest deterrence. Jeremy bentham: british philosopher/jurist, utilitarian, (cid:862)hedo(cid:374)isti(cid:272) (cid:272)al(cid:272)ulus(cid:863, choose pleasure, avoid pain. Bethams panopticon: (cid:862)all-seei(cid:374)g(cid:863, never built, large urban centres for deterrence, opposition by residents. Federal correctional facilities: 1832: first prison, 1832-1950: 8 built, (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1009)(cid:1004)"s: (cid:1007) (cid:271)uilt, (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1010)(cid:1004)"s: (cid:1012) (cid:271)uilt, (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1011)(cid:1004)"s: (cid:1009) (cid:271)uilt, (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1012)(cid:1004)"s: (cid:1010) (cid:271)uilt. History of correctional facilities: united states, two different types of prison systems, pennsylvania system (separate system, auburn system (silent system) Isolation of inmates outside/each other: exercise 1 hour, most time spent, small cells, reflection, reading bible, repenting. Canadian prisons: basis: auburn system, pennsylvania system - solitary confinement, 19th century, harsh conditions, extreme discipline, regular use of solitary confinement.
