SSCI1000U Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham, Restorative Justice
10 Feb 2017
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Four main philosophies - guide cjs: deterrence justice, rehabilitation, selective incapacitation. More recent models to emerge: restorative and aboriginal just systems. Goal of criminal justice system- prevent future crimes by those apprehended, and broader society (those thinking about committing a crime) Sentences reflect harm done to state and victim. Punishment: quick, certain and contain a degree of deterrence. (cid:862)legislato(cid:396)s (cid:373)ust (cid:272)al(cid:272)ulate the a(cid:373)ou(cid:374)t of pu(cid:374)ish(cid:373)e(cid:374)t (cid:396)e(cid:395)ui(cid:396)ed to p(cid:396)e(cid:448)e(cid:374)t (cid:272)(cid:396)i(cid:373)es a(cid:374)d pu(cid:374)ish (cid:272)(cid:396)i(cid:373)i(cid:374)als(cid:863) Criminal justice system: catch suspects with certainty, process cases- speedy yet efficient, appropriate punishment, belief in rationality, free will. Assumption: careful consideration of risks (costs) and benefits (rewards, punishment - induce compliance with law fear punishment - stake in conformity, reality however, - some unplanned. Policies- greatest: certainty (capture), swiftness (prosecution), severity (punishment) Emphasis: protection of society and public vs right of defendants. Most serious crimes most severe punishment. Rights of the accused guaranteed- due process protections. Assumption: direct relationship: seriousness of offense and severity of punishment.
