BIO 3124 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Glycopeptide, Quinolone, Aminoglycoside
Document Summary
Control of microbial growth: in vivo - antibiotherapy. Old de nition: any compound made by a microorganism which inhibits or kills bacteria. New de nition: any compound which inhibits or kills bacteria. Natural antibiotics: ts the old de nition (ex. penicillin) Semisynthetic antibiotics: ts the old de nition, but modi ed in the lab. Synthetic antibiotics: completely synthesized in the lab. High selective toxicity: must kill or inhibit the targeted organism with minimal deleterious effects on the host: penicillin: high selective toxicity - targets the cell wall, cyanide: low selective toxicity - targets electron transport of eukaryotes/prokaryotes. High toxic or lethal dose (ld50): concentration of the agent that is toxic for the host. Low therapeutic dose: concentration of the age required for the clinical treatment of an infection. Narrow: restricted ef cacy against some types of microorganisms. Broad: effective against a wide diversity of microorganisms. Cell lysis depends on osmotic pressure of the antibiotic.
