BIO 3122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Microcephaly, Zygosity, Mendelian Inheritance

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Phenotype = genes + envt: human height is influenced by genes and envt, average height has gradually increased over time, mutation = any change in genomic sequence, may generate heritable changes to the seq of bases. Accumulation of heritable mutations are the raw material for evolution: ex. Ploidy can vary: ploidy: number of copies of unique chromosomes in a cell, early polyploidy events may help to explain how the angiosperm lineage diversified so much faster than its sister clade, http://science. psu. edu/news-and-events/2011-news/depamphilis4-2011. Natural selection: darwin"s mech of change: adaptations = traits that have evolved by natural selection. Main sources if evolution: mutations - any change to the genomic seq of an organism. Ribosomes translate mrna into protein: redundancy of code. Introns removed, exons joined together in continuous strand. Pseudogenes: non functional, no longer have functionality of the gene, humans have just as much pseudogenes as coding.

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