HSS 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Staphylococcus Epidermidis, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria
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These bacteria produce enzymes: coagulase (coagulation of fibrin) made by most pathogenic staphylococci; used in lab to differentiate from s epidermis, s capitis, and s saprophyticus, beta-lactamase (penicillinase) destroys penicillin. Commonly found on body; most of us carry this bacterium in our nose, throat, hands. Important cause of hospital acquired nosocomial (hospital-originated) infections: preventative measures: aseptic technique, wound precaution, education/health personnel, handwashing. Toxic shock syndrome due to tampons tampons absorb blood, cells, nutrients, etc. becomes perfect incubator for bacteria to grow in (causes infection) Non-pathogenic, except in compromised patients (can cause post-operative infections: can cause opportunistic-infection. Divided into groups based on: haemolytic properties (alpha, beta) if they are able to destroy red blood cells. Beta hemolysis (group a) all red blood cells completely destroyed. Alpha hemolysis (group b) partial destru(cid:272)tio(cid:374) of bc(cid:859)s; orga(cid:374)is(cid:373) looks green-brown on agar. Gamma hemolytic does(cid:374)(cid:859)t kill bc(cid:859)s: carbohydrate antigen (lancefield classification, m-protein (protects bacteria against phagocytosis and complement)