HSS 3106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Health Canada, Cardiology, Natural Health Product
6 Apr 2017
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Lecture 15 drug manufacture and clinical trials. The players: johnson & johnson united states, pfizer united states, glaxosmithkline united kingdom, roche switzerland, sanofi-aventis france, novartis switzerland. New drugs begin in the laboratory with scientists, chemists, and pharmacologists, who identify cellular and genetic factors that play a role in specific diseases. They search for chemical and biological substances that target these biological markers and are likely to have drug-like effects. Out of every 5000 new compounds identified during the discovery process, only five are considered safe for testing in human volunteers after preclinical evaluations. After three to six years of further clinical testing in patients, only one of these compounds is ultimately approved as a marketed drug for treatment. Target identification: drugs usually act on either cellular or genetic chemicals in the body, known as targets, which are believed to be associated with disease.
