HSS 3106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Sulfonylurea, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor, Protamine
6 Apr 2017
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Nephrons: functional units located in renal cortex. Inner medulla and outer cortex: renal corpuscle: filtering unit with glomerulus and glomerular capsule, renal tubule: proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, whatever is inside the tubule is bad and will be peed out. Begins with filtration of plasma by glomerular capillaries (glomerular filtration) Glomerular filtration produces 180 l of fluid each 24 hours. Kidneys return filtered fluid to internal environment through tubular reabsorption. Tubular secretion removed hydrogen ions and toxins faster than through filtration. Urine production promotes homeostasis by regulating volume and composition of blood. Three organic waste products: urea: most abundant waste, creatinine: produced in skeletal muscle tissue, uric acid: formed by recycling nitrogenous base from rna molecules. Electrolytes: conduct electricity (cations) or are decomposed by electricity (anions) Electrolytes of greatest importance: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, bicarbonate, hydrogen. Kidneys make erythropoietin which make blood cells.
