HSS 4331 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Needle Sharing, Blood Test, Rifampicin

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HSS 4331
• Professor: Raywat Deonandan

Document Summary

1906, thomas jefferson wrote a letter with the first vaccine idea. Natural reservoir for a disease is a population (ex: humans), but if they can exist in other hosts, they can live somewhere else and come back. Herd immunity: o(cid:374)l(cid:455) a portio(cid:374) of populatio(cid:374) (cid:374)eed to (cid:271)e i(cid:374)o(cid:272)ulated (cid:894)8(cid:1004)%(cid:895); ser(cid:448)e as (cid:271)uffer for those (cid:449)ho (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t. 1/200 infections lead to irreversible paralysis, 5-10% die (when breathing muscles affected) Eradication program has eliminated 99% of cases (if virus cannot find person to infect, it will die) 2 vaccines, oral (cheap and easy) and injected. Since campaign reaches remote children, we can package other interventions with it (vit a) It only remains endemic in 3 countries: afghanistan, pakistan and nigeria. Endemic: constant state of disease pandemic: epidemic in more than one country. Cow disease that we thought was eradicated, measles likely diverged from that (zoonosis) A lot of disease in humans are studied through agricultural disease.