LIN 1340 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Franglais, Part Of Speech, Hyderabad
3 Mar 2018
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Language Contact
Revision
● A bilingual is often defined as someone who has native-like control over two
languages
Problems
● epistemological problem: how do we measure this?
● Deficit hypothesis
Which language varieties might the average educated person in Hyderabad, India
routinely use?
● English (university)
● Sanskrit (religious)
● Urdu (business)
● Telugu (vernacular/home)
Functionally Partitioned: different languages used in different contexts
Diglosia: when 2 varaieties of the same language are used
Ex. egypt: high arabic is the high variety whereas vernacular arabic is the low variety
Ex. paraguay : high version is spanish, low version is guarani
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Document Summary
A bilingual is often defined as someone who has native-like control over two languages. Functionally partitioned: different languages used in different contexts. Diglosia: when 2 varaieties of the same language are used. Ex. egypt: high arabic is the high variety whereas vernacular arabic is the low variety. Ex. paraguay : high version is spanish, low version is guarani. When 2 or more languages come into contact in the context of widespread bilingualism there are a number of possible linguistic outcomes. Codeswitching: use in a single utterance of multi-word extracts in other languages while addressing the same person. Borrowing: incorporation or single-word or compound lexical items originating from one language into another. Integrated borrowing: when the word is adapted to the grammar of the recipient language. Estimated that 85% of the english language comes from other languages. Lexical borrowing is the most frequent outcome of language contact in bilingual communities worldwide.
