PHS 3341 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Axon Hillock, Efferent Nerve Fiber, Axon Terminal

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Physiology
• Course: PHS 3341
• Professor: Jacqueline Carnegie

Document Summary

Describe the structure of neurons and distinguish among the functional classes of neurons. Efferent: transmit info out cns to effector cells cell body, dendrites and segment of axon in cns, most of axon is in pns. Cell body/ soma: control centre of neuron directs impulses from dendrites to axons. Dendrites: receive & carries info (typically nts) towards cell body and undergo graded potentials dendrite + cell body = input zone for the nerve cell. Axon: conducts action potentials away from the cell body and terminates at other cells single, elongated, tubular extension. Myelin sheath: layer around axon, made of schwann cells increases speed of impulses. Node of ranvier: gap between schwann cells salutatory conduction (jumping between gaps) - increase speed of impulse. Axon terminals: action potentials conducted along the axon from axon hillock ending at the axon terminals release chemical messengers that simultaneously influence other cells output zone. Identify the types and functions of glial cells.