PHS 3342 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Plasma Osmolality, Adrenal Gland, Blood Plasma

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February 9, 2018
Kidney: the Functional Unit
Overview of Kidney Functions
Primarily responsible for maintaining stability of ECF volume, electrolyte composition of the blood, and plasma
osmolality
Main route for eliminating potentially toxic metabolic wastes and foreign compounds from the body
Maintain water balance in the body
Maintain proper osmolality of body fluids, primarily through regulating water balance
Regulate the quantity and concentration of most ECF ions
Maintain proper plasma volume
Help maintain proper acid-base balance in the body
Excreting (eliminating) the end products (wastes) of bodily metabolism
Excreting many foreign compounds
Producing erythropoietin (EPO)
Producing renin
Urinary System Organs
Kidneys: major excretory organs
Ureters: transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
Urinary bladder: temporary storage reservoir for urine
Urethra: transports urine out of the body
The Anatomy of the Male and Female Urinary Systems
Kidneys:
-Bean-shaped
-Found in the retroperitoneal cavity - anatomical cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum
-Found in the superior lumbar region (T12 to L3 vertebrae)
-Some protection is conferred from the lower part of the rib cage
-Right kidney is crowed by the liver and lies slightly lower than the left
-~150 g; 1 x 6 x 3 cm
-Adrenal glands sit on top of the kidneys
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Document Summary

Primarily responsible for maintaining stability of ecf volume, electrolyte composition of the blood, and plasma osmolality. Main route for eliminating potentially toxic metabolic wastes and foreign compounds from the body. Maintain proper osmolality of body uids, primarily through regulating water balance. Regulate the quantity and concentration of most ecf ions. Help maintain proper acid-base balance in the body. Excreting (eliminating) the end products (wastes) of bodily metabolism. Ureters: transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder. The anatomy of the male and female urinary systems. Found in the retroperitoneal cavity - anatomical cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum. Found in the superior lumbar region (t12 to l3 vertebrae) Some protection is conferred from the lower part of the rib cage. Right kidney is crowed by the liver and lies slightly lower than the left. ~150 g; 1 x 6 x 3 cm. Adrenal glands sit on top of the kidneys.

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