PHY 1122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Spark Plug, Thermal Efficiency, Thermodynamic Equilibrium
4 Oct 2017
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Chapter 20 the second law of thermodynamics: many thermodynamic processes proceed naturally in one direction but not the opposite, e. g. : heat flows from a hot body to a cooler body, never the reverse. Disorder and thermodynamic processes: a relationship exists between the direction of a process and the disorder or randomness of the resulting state. The simplest kind of engine to analyze utilizes this process: steam turbines use this process by recycling the water and reusing it. Hot and cold reservoirs: heat engines absorb heat from a source at high temperatures, perform mechanical work, and discard or reject some heat at a lower temperature. In a cyclic process, a systems initial and final internal energies are equal, so the first law of thermodynamics requires that: U2 u1 = 0 = q w so. The net heat q absorbed per cycle is:
