PHS 4300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Viscosity, Hemoglobin

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Physiology
• Course: PHS 4300
• Professor: Frank Feiner

Document Summary

Clinical manifestations of pulmonary alterations: dyspnea difficulty breathing; air huger, labored preoccupied with breathing. Signs: flaring of nostrils, use of accessory muscles of respirations and retraction. Initially on exertion, then at rest: abnormal breathing patterns eupnea is rhythmic (8-16 breaths/min; tidal volume = Exercise (or acidosis) kussmaul respirations (hyperpnea: deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) but also kidney failure) Acute, non-productive cough often suggests bronchitis or viral pneumonia. Persistent dry cough often suggests a tumor, congestion or hypersensitive airways. Productive cough with purulent sputum usually suggests an infection. Hemoptysis (blood is bright red, alkaline ph) damage to bronchi, cancer: cyanosis bluish discoloration of skin and mucus membranes due to excess of reduced hemoglobin. Peripheral cyanosis (nail beds: pain inflammation/infection of pleurae or major airways or muscle/rib pain associated with chest wall, clubbing selective bulbous enlargement of distal segment of a digit; usually painless.