PSY 4372 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Odds Ratio, Statistical Significance

34 views2 pages
Research
Science should be: relevant to the public, applicable, transparent, objective.
Formulating a hypothesis; observations, previous research, theory.
Testing the hypothesis: data, analysis, etc.
Acting on best evidence: conclusions.
Ethics in Research: ethical principles in research and publication, informed consent for all
participation, ethics board approval.
Research Design: depends on the state of knowledge, the question to be addressed, and the
frequency of the phenomena under study
if it is a new phenomena then you may want to start with correlation designs before you start
on experimental designs to create or view an independent effect
comparative designs are quasi experimental and occur when you can not separate the
independent variable randomly (ie. gender)
Internal Validity: how much the study is actually getting at the goal and not being confounded by
other factors.
extent to which interpretations from a study can be justified about alternative explanations
ruled out
controlled
laboratory
experimental
efficacy studies
External Validity: how it applies to the exterior world.
extent to which findings from a study can be generalized
naturalistic
real-world
effectiveness studies
Challenges in Research
balancing internal and external validity
trying to resolve discrepancies
opens to unexpected results
Randomized Control Trials (RCTs)
all participants are assessed prior to intervention
participants are randomly assigned to a treatment or no treatment group
all participants are assessed after the intervention period
Efficacy Studies: the extent to which a treatment is actually working, this could be through
randomized study of treatments.
make sure it is looking solely on the treatment and not other factors
Clinical vs. Statistical Significance
A p value of <0.05 indicates statistical significance, but does this constitute clinical significance?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Unlock document

This preview shows half of the first page of the document.
Unlock all 2 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Document Summary

Science should be: relevant to the public, applicable, transparent, objective. Ethics in research: ethical principles in research and publication, informed consent for all participation, ethics board approval. External validity: how it applies to the exterior world: extent to which findings from a study can be generalized, naturalistic, real-world, effectiveness studies. Challenges in research: balancing internal and external validity, trying to resolve discrepancies, opens to unexpected results. Randomized control trials (rcts: all participants are assessed prior to intervention, participants are randomly assigned to a treatment or no treatment group, all participants are assessed after the intervention period. Efficacy studies: the extent to which a treatment is actually working, this could be through randomized study of treatments: make sure it is looking solely on the treatment and not other factors. Reliable change index: is the change from pretest to post test larger than what you would expect it to be from error or chance.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents