PSY 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Naturalistic Observation, Statistical Hypothesis Testing, Confounding

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PSY 1101 Full Course Notes
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PSY 1101 Full Course Notes
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Chapter 1: the need for psychological science. Intuition can be valuable in some instances, but it can cause a serious error in judgement as it is very misleading. Common sense develops as a result of acquired knowledge which means it cannot help with on new experiences. Hindsight bias is the tendency to believe that something could have been easily predicted after knowing what the outcome is. If all the facts are not provided, predicting the outcome is difficult. For example: after a war or battle, it seems very obvious which side would win; but during the time if the war or battle, the outcome was unknown. Overconfidence is the tendency to overestimation of knowledge and the accuracy of that knowledge. Illusory correlation is the tendency to perceive a relation between two variables when there is no correlation. Illusory correlation can affect thoughts, emotions and behaviours to extremes. Many black cats are killed due to the fear of bad luck.

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