PSY 3123 Lecture 19: Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in the Context of Family
28 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
March 28, 2018
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in the
Context of Family
Virginie Cobigo, Lynne A. Potvin
Learning Objectives
Increase knowledge about intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD)
Reflect on the structure of social support of persons with IDD
Learn about challenges associated with IDD in the context of family
Learn about persons with IDD becoming parents
Definition of IDD
3 main criteria:
-Limitations in intellectual functioning (focus on IQ = limit)
-Limitations in adaptive behaviour (social, practical, and conceptual)
•Practical: ex. Taking the bus
•Conceptual: ex. Managing money
-Neurodevelopmental: diagnosed before 18 years of age (arbitrary)
Considerations:
-The individual’s functioning may improve, but limitations are life-long
-Influence of the environment on individuals’ functioning
-Build upon individuals’ strengths rather than focusing on limitations
Watch Your Language: Person First!
Respectfully put the person before the disability - don’t want to define people by their disability
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March 28, 2018
Prevalence
Approximately 1% of the population
But, more than 1% of your future intervention population (health and social sectors)
Etiology
Genetic (chromosomal)
Parental and maternal factors (age, placenta)
Infectious (herpes, rubella, CMV, meningitis)
Teratogenic (alcohol, drugs, toxins, and other substances)
Malignancies (brain tumours, treatment effects)
Trauma (TBIs, anoxia, surgery, childbirth complications)
NB: etiology is often unknown
Food for thought: nature vs. nurture, human contact, opportunities for development, social deprivation, implication of
the family
Comorbidities
Common examples: ASD, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, FAS, Fragile X
Double diagnosis: anxiety and mood disorders, ADHD, impulse-control disorders, substance use
Medical: cardiac, endocrine, seizure activity (e.g. epilepsy)
Sensory: auditory, visual impairments
Motor: speech production, paralysis, movement production and control
Lifestyle-related: smoking, obesity, sedentary, nutrition
Social Support and Social Networks
Research shows that people with IDD tend to have smaller social networks than those without IDD
-Often has very few friends, most people are family members/paid caregivers
-Friends that are listed often also have IDD
Family is Central for Support
However…
-Historically, violation of human rights (e.g. institutionalization, involuntary sterilization)
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Document Summary
Increase knowledge about intellectual and developmental disabilities (idd) Re ect on the structure of social support of persons with idd. Learn about challenges associated with idd in the context of family. Limitations in intellectual functioning (focus on iq = limit) Limitations in adaptive behaviour (social, practical, and conceptual: practical: ex. Neurodevelopmental: diagnosed before 18 years of age (arbitrary) The individual"s functioning may improve, but limitations are life-long. In uence of the environment on individuals" functioning. Build upon individuals" strengths rather than focusing on limitations. Respectfully put the person before the disability - don"t want to de ne people by their disability. But, more than 1% of your future intervention population (health and social sectors) Food for thought: nature vs. nurture, human contact, opportunities for development, social deprivation, implication of the family. Common examples: asd, cerebral palsy, down syndrome, fas, fragile x. Double diagnosis: anxiety and mood disorders, adhd, impulse-control disorders, substance use. Motor: speech production, paralysis, movement production and control.
