SOC 3137 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Legal Fiction, Cultural Relativism, Microsociology

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SOC3137A
Dr. Kristine Tole
1. Concept of Minority Groups
19.06.18
How do we know what is a Minority Group?
L. Wirth (1945) ā€“ people who are excluded or singled out from others in society b/c of physical or cultural
characteristics; receive unequal treatment, subject to collective discrimination; exclusion from full participation in
society
ļ‚·Critique ā€“ minority group doesnā€™t always include discrimination, assumes group cohesion and group
identification
J.A Laponce (1960) ā€“ ppl having different race, language, or religion from that of majority of inhabitants
Capotorti (1977) ā€“ compactly or dispersedly settled on the territory of a state; minority of total population; ethnic,
linguistic, cultural features different from the rest of the population; guided by will to safeguard these features
Objective Criteria
ļ‚·distinguishing features ā€“ common heritage, culture, geographic location, individual and behavioural
characteristics (physical or cultural traits)
ļ‚·numbers of population ā€“ numeric measures and compare statistics,
ļ‚·non-dominant groups ā€“ legal and implemented rights, power relations
subjective criteria
ļ‚·awareness of social groups ā€“ societal attitudes and beliefs, self-identification (collective identity, group or
individual), membership ascribed by society (born into with culture and ethnicity cs. Government defined
with identification cards, sub-status, immigration etc.), awareness of subordination
ļ‚·acknowledgement of group through institution and social world - institution recognition, categorical by
nature (subject to rules and obligations of group)
ļ‚·social relevance to context ā€“ representation in media, economic status, discrimination and disadvantage
(systemic and social), unequal treatment
Rise of Nations ā€“ State Models (19th C.) ā€“ cataloguing of human life within the context of the state; power model
ļ‚·normative government policies on identity, language use, recognition of an official language, cultural
tradition, national symbols
ļ‚·state ā€“ legal fiction and imagined communities; nations ā€“ historic-political fictions that constitute states
ļ‚·building the nation state ā€“ inclusions and exclusions
problems in Defining Minority Groups
ļ‚·citizenship as a pre-condition for protection, assumption of national identity
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Document Summary

Critique minority group doesn"t always include discrimination, assumes group cohesion and group identification. J. a laponce (1960) ppl having different race, language, or religion from that of majority of inhabitants. Capotorti (1977) compactly or dispersedly settled on the territory of a state; minority of total population; ethnic, linguistic, cultural features different from the rest of the population; guided by will to safeguard these features. Distinguishing features common heritage, culture, geographic location, individual and behavioural characteristics (physical or cultural traits) Numbers of population numeric measures and compare statistics, Non-dominant groups legal and implemented rights, power relations subjective criteria. Awareness of social groups societal attitudes and beliefs, self-identification (collective identity, group or individual), membership ascribed by society (born into with culture and ethnicity cs. Government defined with identification cards, sub-status, immigration etc. Acknowledgement of group through institution and social world - institution recognition, categorical by nature (subject to rules and obligations of group)

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