ANT202H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: James V. Neel, Low Birth Weight, Insulin Resistance
Document Summary
Differences in how effectively our bodies process particular foods. Digestive systems use food in different ways. Inuit gastrointestinal more capable of breaking down fats. Adapting to local nutritional opportunities led to evolution of related genetic variation. Used to explain high prevalence of diabetes. Alternating periods of food abundance and scarcity. More efficient energy storage by rapid conversion of glucose to fat. Constant access to food quick trigger detrimental: high levels of insulin leads to insulin resistance. Obesity and type 2 diabetes very common. Not every eating a calorie rich diet equally likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Milk stimulates larger than expected rise in blood sugar levels. Thrifty gens and milk likely to develop diabetes and die prematurely. Unlikely that hunter/gatherers subject to food shortages vs. agriculturalists. Developmental origins of disease and health hypothesis. Exposed to nutrient scarcity doing fetal and infant stages of development. Thrifty mechanisms for nutrient uptake, metabolism and ________ abundant resources over sustained period.
