ANT203H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Takifugu Rubripes, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Human Genome Project
Document Summary
A brief review of the human genome landscape. In this lecture we will review what we have learned about our genome. The human genome has around 3,200 million nucleotide bases (3,200 mb): this compares with: The number of genes in the human genome is approximately 21,000, according to a recent estimate. This is much lower than previous estimates of 80,000-140,000. This compares with: escherichia coli: ~4,400, saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast): ~5,700, caenorhabditis elegans (worm): ~19,800, drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly): ~13,500, fugu rubripes (puffer fish): ~similar to human, mus musculus (mouse): ~similar to human, oryza sativa (rice): ~40,000-60,000. Less than 3% of the genome corresponds to protein-coding genes (even less if one considers only protein-coding exons: 1. 2%). In the genome, there are gene-rich regions, which typically have a relatively high gc content, and gene-poor regions, which are richer in a and t bases. Repeated sequences that do not code for proteins make up at least 50% of the human genome.
