ANT415H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Articular Processes, Symmetry In Biology, Cervical Vertebrae
Document Summary
Age: past economies, hunting capabilities, modes of exploiting livestock. Age estimation: chronological age vs physiological/developmental age, growth and development can only be used when the individual is growing, epiphyseal and suture closure, tooth eruption, antlers and horns, structural degradation for fully grown individual, tooth wear. Epiphyseal fusion: fusion of epiphyses correlated with age, some standards available, species specific. Growth is strongest and longest at shoulder, wrist, and knee. Distal humerus and proximal ulna/radius before proximal humerus and distal ulna/radius. Epiphyseal fusion: sequence of fusion stays the same, but timing of fusion varies with nutrition, genetics, and sex, record, state of fusion. Fused: line visible or obscured fully matured animal: proximal or distal. Potential problems: differential preservation young bone does not preserve as well as adult bone, different uses for young/old animals, epiphyseal fusion in many animals is not well known, age categories are not precise.
